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365 Graça & Adoração Da Criação ao Apocalipse
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Galatians — Chapter 4

Children, Not Slaves

"So you are no longer a slave, but a son, and if a son, then an heir through God."

— Gal 4:7

Galatians 4 deepens the metaphor of adoption — from slaves to sons — and uses the allegory of Hagar and Sarah to illustrate the difference between the two covenants.

👑 Adoption as Sons (4:1-7)

Gal 4:4-7
"But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons. And because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, ‘Abba! Father!’"
The 'fullness of time' (pleroma tou chronou): the historical moment prepared by God — Pax Romana, common Greek language, Roman roads, Jewish dispersion. Adoption (hyiothesia) is the result of redemption. The Spirit crying 'Abba, Father' is the evidence of adoption.

📖 Allegory of Hagar and Sarah (4:21-31)

Gal 4:22-26
"For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by a slave woman and one by a free woman. But the son of the slave was born according to the flesh, while the son of the free woman was born through promise. This is allegory, for these women are two covenants."
The allegory: Hagar = Mount Sinai = earthly Jerusalem = slavery under the law; Sarah = heavenly Jerusalem = freedom under grace. Isaac was born by supernatural promise; believers are born of the Spirit. The conclusion: ‘Stand fast therefore in the freedom by which Christ has set us free’ (5:1).